In 2003, venture capitalists and investors dispensed over $18 billion to promising young U.S. companies, according to VentureOne and Ernst & Young Quarterly Venture Capital Report. Less documented and reported is venture leasing's activity and volume. This form of equipment financing contributes greatly to the growth of U.S. start-ups. Yearly, specialty leasing companies pour hundreds of millions of dollars into start-ups, permitting savvy entrepreneurs to achieve the biggest 'bang for their buck' in financing growth. What is venture leasing and how do sophisticated entrepreneurs maximize enterprise value with this type of financing? Why is venture leasing a cheaper and smarter way to finance needed equipment when compared to venture capital? For answers, one must look closely at this relatively new and expanding form of equipment financing specifically designed for rapidly growing venture capital-backed start-ups.
To help me understand why I was hearing the reluctance on the part of the leasing company executive, I began asking probing questions to determine if he felt our customer had not fulfilled the terms of the lease contract. I quickly confirmed that all the lease's provisions had been followed to the letter. The real problem was that the leasing company expected their leases to renew for at least one additional renewal term. The leasing company executive admitted that their business model incorporated them receiving the additional revenue of at least one renewal term. Their residual position (what they expected to receive by selling the equipment to someone else) was set expecting this additional revenue. If they didn't receive the renewal revenue, their profits were off (low) for that transaction.
I asked the executive how they could be so sure that equipment would go into renewal. Without hesitating, he answered because historically most of their equipment leases do. After getting up off the floor, I asked his opinion why that many leases went into renewal. He replied that it was either the lack of tracking the lease expiration or turnover in the customer position that was responsible for notifying the lease company in a specific time frame (designated within the lease agreement). The majority of copier leases are written for a 5-year lease term. Turnover (either promotions or by leaving) within a customer's business does usually occur before the end of the lease. In addition, during the course of busy days at the office, no one stops to document lease expiration dates. It seems so far away and therefore unnecessary at the time.
Leasing companies do frequently (usually quarterly) send equipment vendors a list of their lease portfolios with that leasing company in hopes the vendor will upgrade the customer's equipment and extend the customer's leasing relationship with the leasing company. If the equipment vendor is paying attention to their customer base, they will notify you of the approaching lease expiration (and try to upgrade your equipment). If an equipment lease renews, this makes it very difficult (read expensive) for a competing equipment vendor to economically upgrade the equipment before the expiration of the renewal term. This strategy was constructed intentionally to give the incumbent equipment vendor (and leasing company) a financial advantage in upgrading the equipment before the expiration of the renewal lease term. A lease renewal limits your options, which is never good for you. Only the incumbent equipment vendor who agrees to use the same leasing company can upgrade equipment on a renewed lease without penalty. Any other combination of equipment vendor and/or leasing company will have to pay the remaining payments of the renewed lease term (usually 12 months).
As with any negotiations, there may be some less than favorable aspects of a blend and extend lease. With regard to the landlord, although the blend and extend lease provides the landlord with a longer lease term in which the tenant is required to stay in the building, the landlord may have to accept a lower monthly rent payment as well as agree to office improvements and other concessions. As for the tenant, it may receive a more favorable monthly rent under the blend and extend lease, but it will be locked in to the office space for a longer period of time and not be able to move from the office should it desire to do so a few years down the road.
Once the start-up finds a capable venture lessor, negotiating a fair and competitive lease is the next order of business. A number of factors determine venture lease pricing and terms. Important factors include: 1) the perceived credit strength of the lessee, 2) equipment quality, 3) market rates, and 4) competitive factors within the venture leasing market. Since the lease can be structured with several options, many of which influence the ultimate lease cost, start-ups should compare competing lease proposals. Lessors typically structured leases to yield 14% - 20%. By developing end-of-lease options to better accommodate lessees' needs, lessors can shift some of this pricing to the lease's back end in the form of a fair market value or fixed purchase or renewal option. It is not uncommon to see a three year lease structured to yield 9% - 11% annually during the initial lease term. Thereafter, the lessee can choose to return the equipment, purchase the equipment for 10% - 15% of equipment cost or to renew the lease for an additional year. If the lease is renewed, the lessor recovers an additional 10% - 15% of equipment cost. If the equipment is returned to the lessor, the start-up reduces its cost and limits the amount paid under the lease. The lessor will then remarket the equipment to achieve its 14% - 20% yield target. Another way that leasing companies can justify slashing lease payments is to incorporate warrants to purchase stock into the transaction. Warrants give the lessor the right to buy an agreed upon quantity of ownership shares at a share price predetermined by the parties. Under a venture lease with warrant pricing, the lessor typically prices that lease several percentage points below a similar lease without warrants. The number of warrants the start-up proffers is arrived at by dividing a portion of the lease line - usually 3% to 15% of the line - by the warrant strike price. The strike price is typically the share price of the most recently completed equity round. Including a warrant option often encourages venture lessors to enter transactions with companies that are very early in development or where the equipment to be leased is of questionable quality or re-marketability. Building a young company into an industry leader is in many ways similar to building a state-of-the art airplane or bridge. You need the right people, partners, ideas, materials and tools. Venture leasing is a useful tool for the savvy entrepreneur. When used properly, this financing tool can help early stage companies accelerate growth, squeeze the most out of their venture capital and increase enterprise value between equity rounds. Why not preserve ownership for those really doing the heavy lifting?
To help me understand why I was hearing the reluctance on the part of the leasing company executive, I began asking probing questions to determine if he felt our customer had not fulfilled the terms of the lease contract. I quickly confirmed that all the lease's provisions had been followed to the letter. The real problem was that the leasing company expected their leases to renew for at least one additional renewal term. The leasing company executive admitted that their business model incorporated them receiving the additional revenue of at least one renewal term. Their residual position (what they expected to receive by selling the equipment to someone else) was set expecting this additional revenue. If they didn't receive the renewal revenue, their profits were off (low) for that transaction.
I asked the executive how they could be so sure that equipment would go into renewal. Without hesitating, he answered because historically most of their equipment leases do. After getting up off the floor, I asked his opinion why that many leases went into renewal. He replied that it was either the lack of tracking the lease expiration or turnover in the customer position that was responsible for notifying the lease company in a specific time frame (designated within the lease agreement). The majority of copier leases are written for a 5-year lease term. Turnover (either promotions or by leaving) within a customer's business does usually occur before the end of the lease. In addition, during the course of busy days at the office, no one stops to document lease expiration dates. It seems so far away and therefore unnecessary at the time.
Leasing companies do frequently (usually quarterly) send equipment vendors a list of their lease portfolios with that leasing company in hopes the vendor will upgrade the customer's equipment and extend the customer's leasing relationship with the leasing company. If the equipment vendor is paying attention to their customer base, they will notify you of the approaching lease expiration (and try to upgrade your equipment). If an equipment lease renews, this makes it very difficult (read expensive) for a competing equipment vendor to economically upgrade the equipment before the expiration of the renewal term. This strategy was constructed intentionally to give the incumbent equipment vendor (and leasing company) a financial advantage in upgrading the equipment before the expiration of the renewal lease term. A lease renewal limits your options, which is never good for you. Only the incumbent equipment vendor who agrees to use the same leasing company can upgrade equipment on a renewed lease without penalty. Any other combination of equipment vendor and/or leasing company will have to pay the remaining payments of the renewed lease term (usually 12 months).
As with any negotiations, there may be some less than favorable aspects of a blend and extend lease. With regard to the landlord, although the blend and extend lease provides the landlord with a longer lease term in which the tenant is required to stay in the building, the landlord may have to accept a lower monthly rent payment as well as agree to office improvements and other concessions. As for the tenant, it may receive a more favorable monthly rent under the blend and extend lease, but it will be locked in to the office space for a longer period of time and not be able to move from the office should it desire to do so a few years down the road.
Once the start-up finds a capable venture lessor, negotiating a fair and competitive lease is the next order of business. A number of factors determine venture lease pricing and terms. Important factors include: 1) the perceived credit strength of the lessee, 2) equipment quality, 3) market rates, and 4) competitive factors within the venture leasing market. Since the lease can be structured with several options, many of which influence the ultimate lease cost, start-ups should compare competing lease proposals. Lessors typically structured leases to yield 14% - 20%. By developing end-of-lease options to better accommodate lessees' needs, lessors can shift some of this pricing to the lease's back end in the form of a fair market value or fixed purchase or renewal option. It is not uncommon to see a three year lease structured to yield 9% - 11% annually during the initial lease term. Thereafter, the lessee can choose to return the equipment, purchase the equipment for 10% - 15% of equipment cost or to renew the lease for an additional year. If the lease is renewed, the lessor recovers an additional 10% - 15% of equipment cost. If the equipment is returned to the lessor, the start-up reduces its cost and limits the amount paid under the lease. The lessor will then remarket the equipment to achieve its 14% - 20% yield target. Another way that leasing companies can justify slashing lease payments is to incorporate warrants to purchase stock into the transaction. Warrants give the lessor the right to buy an agreed upon quantity of ownership shares at a share price predetermined by the parties. Under a venture lease with warrant pricing, the lessor typically prices that lease several percentage points below a similar lease without warrants. The number of warrants the start-up proffers is arrived at by dividing a portion of the lease line - usually 3% to 15% of the line - by the warrant strike price. The strike price is typically the share price of the most recently completed equity round. Including a warrant option often encourages venture lessors to enter transactions with companies that are very early in development or where the equipment to be leased is of questionable quality or re-marketability. Building a young company into an industry leader is in many ways similar to building a state-of-the art airplane or bridge. You need the right people, partners, ideas, materials and tools. Venture leasing is a useful tool for the savvy entrepreneur. When used properly, this financing tool can help early stage companies accelerate growth, squeeze the most out of their venture capital and increase enterprise value between equity rounds. Why not preserve ownership for those really doing the heavy lifting?
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